茶根尖细胞各胞器分部的分离及其铝的分布

将茶树根尖细胞分离为细胞壁分部、细胞质分部、细胞核分部和线粒体分部,并对各胞器分部的含铝量进行了测定,研究表明:茶树根细胞含铝量,水培液加铝苗大于无铝苗,细胞各胞器分部的含铝量为:细胞壁分部>细胞质分部>细胞核分部>线粒体分部;不同处理细胞壁分部含铝量变化大,细胞核分部变化则桐对较小, Al pH 3.5处理的细胞壁分部含铝量最高,达160.9μg/g鲜重,比-Al pH 3.5处理高近29倍。     

提取高质量茶树总RNA的方法研究

由于茶树富含多糖、多酚,从茶苗组织中尤其是从茶苗的根中提取高质量的RNA较为困难,试用了多种方法都未能获得高质量的RNA.为此,作者借鉴多年生的草本植物RNA提取方法-CTAB法,并在此基础上进行了改进,首次提取茶苗嫩根中的总RNA.电泳检测显示,该方法提取的总RNA 28S和18S条带清晰且28S较18S条带亮,紫外光谱分析显示A260/A280的比值为1.93.用于RT-PCR反应,成功克隆了492 bp的谷氨酰胺合成酶基因片段.说明用该方法提取的RNA纯度和完整性好.试用该方法从营养成分丰富的茶籽胚中提取总RNA,效果同样很好.     

湖南省山茶属红山茶组植物资源及园林观赏特性的研究

湖南省山茶属红山组植物种类较多,共13种1变种,约占国产总数的23.6%,居全国第2,仅次于四川省;作者在实地调查和查阅大量文献的基础上,详细论述了湖南省山茶属红山组植物的树形、叶、花、果的观赏特性,认为其为优良的乡土木本观花植物,观赏价值高,在中国南方的广大地区值得大力推广。     

山茶属5种植物的核型研究

 本文报道了山茶属5种植物的核型:1.矩叶茶Camellia grijsii Hance核型公式为2n=2x=30=20m+7sm+3st;2.文山毛蕊茶C.wenshanensis Hu核型公式为2n=2x=30=20m+8sm+2st;3.紫果茶C.purpura Chang et Chen核型公式为2n=2x=30=22m+4sm+4st;4.显脉金花茶C.euphelebia Merr.ex Sealy核型公式为2n=2x=30=21m(4sat)+9sm(2sat);5.五柱滇山茶C.yunnanensis(Pitard ex Diels)Cohen Stuart核型公式为2n=2x=30=26m(2sat)+4sm.这5种植物分属不同的亚属及组.结果表明它们均是二倍体2n=30,但核型结构明显不同.核型类型前2种属2A型,后3种属2B型.     

Research progress on isolation and cloning of functional genes in tea plants

Tea, which has many sanitarian functions, is one of the most popular non-alcoholic soft and healthy beverages in the world. In many countries, as well as in China, tea (Camellia sinensis) is an important cash crop. It has great value as a source of secondary metabolic products. Molecular biology of tea plants has been one of the most active and kinetic research fields of tea science for the last decade. Isolation and cloning of important functional genes of tea plants have a critical significance on elucidating the molecular mechanism of high quality, yield and resistance, as well as genetic manipulating via biotechnological approaches for tea plants. In this paper, we introduced the research progress on the isolation and cloning of functional genes in tea plants. In addition, the brief prospect on the research of functional genes of tea plants in the near future is also give out. __________ Translated from Molecular Plant Breeding, 2006, 4(3S): 16–22 [译自: 分子植物育种]     

贵州小果油茶种实表型性状多样性分析

为了解贵州小果油茶的自然变异情况,以贵州黎平和榕江的5个居群30个小果油茶优良单株为研究对象,测定并分析果高、果形、高径比、果皮厚度、单个果重、单果中籽粒数、籽粒重和出籽率等8个种实性状,采用多重比较、变异系数、相关性分析、聚类分析和Shannon-Weiner多样性指数等方法,分析小果油茶种实性状的多样性及群体间和群体内的变异特征与变异规律。结果表明:小果油茶不同种实性状的多样性指数为1.014~2.242,种实性状多样性高,在群体间和群体内均存在丰富的变异;经相关分析,小果油茶的果皮厚度与出籽率呈极显著负相关,果高与果径、果形指数、果皮厚度和单果籽粒数呈极显著正相关;表型性状聚类结果与居群分布一致。     

茶(Camellia sinensis)花粉及其蜂粮中花粉粒的显微结构

采用光学显微镜和扫描电镜观察茶蜂花粉及其不同酿制时间的蜂粮中花粉粒的外部形态和萌发沟,未发现花粉壁和花粉粒结构被破坏的迹象.通过体外模拟消化试验,采用光学显微镜和透射电镜观察,发现经模拟消化的蜂粮中花粉粒内含物外吐的数量比蜂花粉多,而且随着酿制时间的延长,其内含物外吐的花粉粒所占的比例增加.结果提示,同种粉源的蜂粮比蜂花粉更易于被消化.     

Effect of increasing levels of nitrogen on yield of tea in different agro-ecological conditions of Pakistan

Field experiment was conducted on mature tea bushes of Qi-Men variety at two different altitudes from sea level i.e. at National Tea Research Institute Shinkiari （1000 m） and on farmer＇s field in Konsh valley at village Battal （1500 m）. Different levels of nitrogen with constant dose of phosphorus and potassium were applied to observe the optimal dose of nutrients for highest yield under local edaphic conditions. The experiment was repeated for three consecutive years. The highest yield of fresh tea leaves were obtained by the application of 420 kg ha^-1 N followed by the application of 360 kg ha^-1 N at 1000 masl. The highest dose of nitrogen also reduced significantly the soil pH in the upper （0-15cm） layer depth during 1998 and 1999. During the year 2000, the reduction in soil pH was observed by the application of highest dose of nitrogen but was non-significant at 5% level. The lower soil depth （15-30 cm） showed the reduction in pH with the highest dose of nitrogen during the experimental year but was statistically non significant. At the higher altitude of 1500 masl the highest yield of fresh tea leaves was obtained by the application of 420 kg ha^-1 during the experimental years but the increase was significant during the year 1999 and 2000. The yield of the fresh tea leaves was positively correlated with the amount of nitrogen application at both the altitudes. The increasing amount of nitrogen decreased the soil pH at both the depths of 0-15cm and 15-30cm. Unlike the lower altitude （1000 m） there was no any significant reduction in the soil pH during 1998 and 1999. A significant reduction in soil pH was found in the year 2000.     

茶树内源IAA和ABA与茶树生育的相互关系(英文)

通过用HPLC检测茶树根系及芽梢的内源激素IAA和ABA含量,研究了茶树生长与内源激素的关系.根系中IAA和ABA的含量,在地上部生长休止期间达到最高,随着芽梢的生长逐渐下降,IAA与ABA的比值越小,根系生长越快,Al能显著促进茶树根系生长,根系生长 AlpH4.5> Al pH3.5>-Al pH4.5>-Al pH3.5,根系IAA与ABA的比值按上述顺序依次增大,新梢中IAA和ABA的含量在萌动芽中最高,随着芽的生长逐渐下降.新梢的生长不仅受IAA和ABA含量的影响,更受二者比值的影响,在芽梢中,IAA与ABA的比值越高,新梢生长越快.     

引种蒜头果的幼苗生长表现及区位生长差异性分析

从云南引进蒜头果种子,在合肥、黄山地区试种,观察其1年生幼苗抗旱抗寒能力、病虫害情况,定期定株测苗高、地径,绘制生长苗高、地径生长曲线及生长量曲线图,比较两地蒜头果生长差异,预测该苗在安徽的生长情况。试验证明:1年生蒜头果幼苗在安徽低海拔地区生长良好,初步反映蒜头果对安徽气候特点有一定的适应能力;就当年生长量而言,合肥地区苗木生长好于黄山,说明该苗喜排水良好的中性或偏碱性土壤。